Xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iiswitshi ezikwahlulayo, umgaqo wezaphuli-mthetho zevacuum wahlukile kulowo wezinto ezivuthela ngemagnethi. Ayikho i-dielectric kwi-vacuum, eyenza i-arc icime ngokukhawuleza. Ngaloo ndlela, iindawo zoqhagamshelwano zedatha eziguquguqukayo kunye ne-static ye-switch yokuqhawula ayihlukanga kakhulu. Iiswitshi zokwahlulwa ziqhele ukusetyenziswa kwizixhobo zobunjineli zamandla ekusetyenzweni kwezityalo ezinomlinganiselo ophantsi wombane! Ngendlela yophuhliso olukhawulezayo lwenkqubo yobonelelo lwamandla, ii-vacuum vacuum breakers ze-10kV zenziwe ngobuninzi zaza zasetyenziswa e-China. Kubasebenzi bolondolozo, kuye kwaba yingxaki engxamisekileyo yokuphucula ukulawulwa kwe-vacuum circuit breakers, ukomeleza ukugcinwa, kunye nokwenza ukuba basebenze ngokukhuselekileyo nangokuthembekileyo. Ukuthatha i-ZW27-12 njengomzekelo, iphepha lizisa ngokufutshane umgaqo osisiseko kunye nokugcinwa kwe-vacuum circuit breaker.
1. Iimpawu ze-insulation ze-vacuum.
Ivacuum ineempawu ezinamandla zokugquma. Kwi-vacuum circuit breaker, umphunga uncinci kakhulu, kwaye ukucwangciswa kwe-stroke engafanelekanga yesakhiwo se-molecular of the vapor sikhulu kakhulu, kwaye amathuba okungqubana nomnye kuncinci. Ngako oko, impembelelo engahleliweyo ayisona sizathu siphambili sokungena kwe-vacuum gap, kodwa phantsi kwefuthe le-high toughness field electrostatic, i-electrode-deposited metal material particles iyona nto iphambili yomonakalo we-insulation.
Amandla oxinzelelo lwe-dielectric kwi-vacuum gap ayihambelani kuphela nobungakanani besithuba kunye nokulungelelana kwentsimi ye-electromagnetic, kodwa ikwachatshazelwa kakhulu ziimpawu ze-electrode yesinyithi kunye nomgangatho womgangatho womgangatho. Kwisithuba esincinci somgama (2-3mm), i-gap ye-vacuum ineempawu zokukhusela igesi ephezulu yoxinzelelo kunye negesi ye-SF6, yiyo loo nto umgama wokuvula umgama we-vacuum circuit breaker uncinci.
Impembelelo ethe ngqo ye-electrode yensimbi kwi-voltage yokuphuka ibonakaliswe ngokukodwa kwimpembelelo yokuqina (amandla oxinzelelo) wezinto eziluhlaza kunye nendawo yokunyibilika kwezinto zetsimbi. Ukuphakama kwamandla okucinezela kunye nendawo yokunyibilika, kokukhona amandla oxinzelelo lwe-dielectric enqanaba lombane phantsi kwevacuum.
Iimvavanyo zibonisa ukuba ukuphakama kwexabiso le-vacuum, ukuphakama kwe-voltage yokuqhawula kwe-gap yegesi, kodwa ngokusisiseko ayitshintshi ngaphezu kwe-10-4 Torr. Ke ngoko, ukuze kugcinwe ngcono ukuqina kwe-insulation compressive yegumbi lokuvuthela lamagnetic, idigri yevacuum ayifanele ibe ngaphantsi kwe-10-4 Torr.
2. Ukusekwa kunye nokucima i-arc kwi-vacuum.
I-vacuum arc yahluke kakhulu kwiimeko zokutshaja kunye nokukhupha i-arc yomphunga othe wayifunda ngaphambili. Imeko engacwangciswanga yomphunga ayiyona nto iphambili ebangela i-arcing. Ukutshaja kwe-arc ye-vacuum kunye nokukhupha ziveliswa kumphunga wezinto zetsimbi eziguquguqukayo ngokuchukumisa i-electrode. Ngexesha elifanayo, ubungakanani bokuphuka kwangoku kunye neempawu ze-arc nazo ziyahluka. Sidla ngokuyahlula ibe yi-arc yevacuum yangoku esezantsi kunye ne-arc yevacuum yangoku ephezulu.
1. I-arc encinci ye-vacuum yangoku.
Xa indawo yoqhagamshelwano ivulwe kwivacuum, iya kubangela indawo yombala we-electrode engalunganga apho amandla akhoyo kunye ne-kinetic agxininiswe kakhulu, kwaye umphunga omninzi wezinto zesinyithi uya kuguquguquka ukusuka kwindawo yombala we-electrode engalunganga. yavutha. Ngelo xesha, umphunga wezinto zetsimbi kunye neengqungquthela zombane kwikholamu ye-arc ziyaqhubeka zisasazeka, kwaye isiteji sombane siyaqhubeka sitshintsha amaqhekeza amatsha ukuzalisa. Xa i-current cross cross-zero, amandla e-kinetic e-arc ayancipha, ukushisa kwe-electrode kuyancipha, umphumo wangempela wokunciphisa uyancipha, kwaye ubuninzi bobunzima kwikholamu ye-arc buyancipha. Ekugqibeleni, indawo engafanelekanga ye-electrode iyancipha kwaye i-arc iyacinywa.
Ngamanye amaxesha i-volatilization ayikwazi ukugcina izinga lokusasazwa kwekholamu ye-arc, kwaye i-arc icime ngokukhawuleza, okubangela ukubambisa.
Ixesha lokuposa: Apr-25-2022